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3.8: Planet Earth- Challenge 1

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1. A nucleus contains which particle(s)?
Protons and neutrons
2. If the number of protons of a neutral atom is 24, how many electrons does it have?
24
3. What part of the atom orbits the nucleus?
Electron
4. Earth's magnetic field ___.
has changed direction in the past
5. What generates Earth's magnetic field?
Convection in the liquid outer core
6. Which form of iron and nickel generates a magnetic field in the outer core of the earth?
Molten
7. Which French scientist used a pendulum to help confirm Earth's movement: Foucault, Einstein, Newton, or Galileo?
Foucault
8. Earth's rotational speed is about ___.
1,700 km/hour
9. Apparent shifts in the swing of a Foucault pendulum is the best evidence for the idea that ___.
Earth spins on its axis
10. According to the geocentric model, ___ is at the center of the universe.
Earth
11. In the geocentric model of the universe, everything in the heavens revolves around ___.
Earth
12. How long does it take Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis?
1 day
13. March 20th is associated with the ___.
Vernal equinox
14. Earth has seasons, because its axis of rotation is tilted at ___ degrees to the orbital plane.
23.5
15. The time when daylight and nighttime hours are exactly equal is called the ___.
equinox

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